אֲרַע
a.ra
earth: soil
Lexicon Entry
Lexicon data from STEPBible TIPNR, Tyndale House, Cambridge. Licensed under CC BY 4.0.
What Original Readers Understood
ExploredThe Hebrew word 'אֲרַע (a.ra) refers to the earth or soil. Its occurrences in the Bible, 186, highlight its significance in various contexts. In the geographical sense, 'a.ra likely denotes the physical ground as in the soil of the land, making up much of the visible landscape. Its semantic domain is categorized under Geography & Place, suggesting that it plays a crucial role in defining and describing the environment in the Bible. The word's range of usage extends to different biblical genres, including historical accounts (e.g., Genesis, Joshua), poetry (e.g., Psalms), and prophetic messages (e.g., Isaiah, Jeremiah). Although the exact scope of 'a.ra's connotations remains somewhat abstract, its frequent appearances throughout the Hebrew Bible imply a deep connection between the land, soil, and the lives of the people dwelling within it. This understanding underscores the vital role that geography and the physical environment play in shaping the narrative of the biblical story.
Source data & methodology
Occurrences in Scripture
186 total occurrences across the text — showing 50
Jehoshaphat bowed his head with his face to the ground; and all Judah and the inhabitants of Jerusalem fell down before Yahweh, worshiping Yahweh.
2 Chronicles 20:24When Judah came to the place overlooking the wilderness, they looked at the multitude; and behold, they were dead bodies fallen to the earth, and there were none who escaped.
Nehemiah 8:6Then Ezra blessed Yahweh, the great God. All the people answered, “Amen, Amen,” with the lifting up of their hands. They bowed their heads, and worshiped Yahweh with their faces to the ground.
Job 1:20Then Job arose, and tore his robe, and shaved his head, and fell down on the ground, and worshiped.
Job 2:13So they sat down with him on the ground seven days and seven nights, and no one spoke a word to him, for they saw that his grief was very great.
Job 5:22You will laugh at destruction and famine, neither will you be afraid of the animals of the earth.
Job 5:25You will know also that your offspring will be great, Your offspring as the grass of the earth.
Job 12:8Or speak to the earth, and it will teach you. The fish of the sea will declare to you.
Job 14:8Though its root grows old in the earth, and its stock dies in the ground,
Job 16:13His archers surround me. He splits my kidneys apart, and does not spare. He pours out my bile on the ground.
Job 16:18“Earth, don’t cover my blood. Let my cry have no place to rest.
Job 18:10A noose is hidden for him in the ground, a trap for him on the path.
Job 28:5As for the earth, out of it comes bread; Underneath it is turned up as it were by fire.
Job 35:11who teaches us more than the animals of the earth, and makes us wiser than the birds of the sky?’
Job 39:24He eats up the ground with fierceness and rage, neither does he stand still at the sound of the trumpet.
Psalms 7:5let the enemy pursue my soul, and overtake it; yes, let him tread my life down to the earth, and lay my glory in the dust.
Psalms 12:6Yahweh’s words are flawless words, as silver refined in a clay furnace, purified seven times.
Psalms 17:11They have now surrounded us in our steps. They set their eyes to cast us down to the earth.
Psalms 44:25For our soul is bowed down to the dust. Our body clings to the earth.
Psalms 74:7They have burned your sanctuary to the ground. They have profaned the dwelling place of your Name.
Psalms 85:11Truth springs out of the earth. Righteousness has looked down from heaven.
Psalms 89:39You have renounced the covenant of your servant. You have defiled his crown in the dust.
Psalms 89:44You have ended his splendor, and thrown his throne down to the ground.
Psalms 143:3For the enemy pursues my soul. He has struck my life down to the ground. He has made me live in dark places, as those who have been long dead.
Psalms 143:10Teach me to do your will, for you are my God. Your Spirit is good. Lead me in the land of uprightness.
Psalms 147:6Yahweh upholds the humble. He brings the wicked down to the ground.
Ecclesiastes 3:21Who knows the spirit of man, whether it goes upward, and the spirit of the animal, whether it goes downward to the earth?”
Ecclesiastes 10:7I have seen servants on horses, and princes walking like servants on the earth.
Ecclesiastes 12:7and the dust returns to the earth as it was, and the spirit returns to God who gave it.
Song of Solomon 2:12The flowers appear on the earth. The time of the singing has come, and the voice of the turtledove is heard in our land.
Isaiah 3:26Her gates shall lament and mourn. She shall be desolate and sit on the ground.
Isaiah 14:12How you have fallen from heaven, shining one, son of the dawn! How you are cut down to the ground, who laid the nations low!
Isaiah 21:9Behold, here comes a troop of men, horsemen in pairs.” He answered, “Fallen, fallen is Babylon; and all the engraved images of her gods are broken to the ground.
Isaiah 25:12He has brought the high fortress of your walls down, laid low, and brought to the ground, even to the dust.
Isaiah 26:5For he has brought down those who dwell on high, the lofty city. He lays it low. He lays it low even to the ground. He brings it even to the dust.
Isaiah 29:4You will be brought down, and will speak out of the ground. Your speech will mumble out of the dust. Your voice will be as of one who has a familiar spirit, out of the ground, and your speech will whisper out of the dust.
Isaiah 47:1“Come down and sit in the dust, virgin daughter of Babylon. Sit on the ground without a throne, daughter of the Chaldeans. For you will no longer be called tender and delicate.
Isaiah 49:23Kings shall be your foster fathers, and their queens your nursing mothers. They will bow down to you with their faces to the earth, and lick the dust of your feet. Then you will know that I am Yahweh; and those who wait for me shall not be disappointed.”
Isaiah 51:23I will put it into the hand of those who afflict you, who have said to your soul, ‘Bow down, that we may walk over you;’ and you have laid your back as the ground, like a street to those who walk over.”
Jeremiah 10:17Gather up your wares out of the land, you who live under siege.
Jeremiah 14:2“Judah mourns, and its gates languish. They sit in black on the ground. The cry of Jerusalem goes up.
Jeremiah 15:3“I will appoint over them four kinds,” says Yahweh: “the sword to kill, the dogs to tear, the birds of the sky, and the animals of the earth, to devour and to destroy.
Jeremiah 16:4“They will die grievous deaths. They will not be lamented, neither will they be buried. They will be as dung on the surface of the ground. They will be consumed by the sword and by famine. Their dead bodies will be food for the birds of the sky and for the animals of the earth.”
Jeremiah 19:7“ ‘ “I will make the counsel of Judah and Jerusalem void in this place. I will cause them to fall by the sword before their enemies, and by the hand of those who seek their life. I will give their dead bodies to be food for the birds of the sky and for the animals of the earth.
Lamentations 2:2The Lord has swallowed up all the dwellings of Jacob without pity. He has thrown down in his wrath the strongholds of the daughter of Judah. He has brought them down to the ground. He has profaned the kingdom and its princes.
Lamentations 2:9Her gates have sunk into the ground. He has destroyed and broken her bars. Her king and her princes are among the nations where the law is not. Yes, her prophets find no vision from Yahweh.
Lamentations 2:10The elders of the daughter of Zion sit on the ground. They keep silence. They have cast up dust on their heads. They have clothed themselves with sackcloth. The virgins of Jerusalem hang down their heads to the ground.
Lamentations 2:10The elders of the daughter of Zion sit on the ground. They keep silence. They have cast up dust on their heads. They have clothed themselves with sackcloth. The virgins of Jerusalem hang down their heads to the ground.
Lamentations 2:11My eyes fail with tears. My heart is troubled. My liver is poured on the earth, because of the destruction of the daughter of my people, because the young children and the infants swoon in the streets of the city.
Lamentations 2:21“The youth and the old man lie on the ground in the streets. My virgins and my young men have fallen by the sword. You have killed them in the day of your anger. You have slaughtered, and not pitied.