אִשָּׁה
ish.shah
woman
Lexicon Entry
Lexicon data from STEPBible TIPNR, Tyndale House, Cambridge. Licensed under CC BY 4.0.
What Original Readers Understood
ExploredThe Hebrew word אִשָּׁה (ish.shah) is defined as "woman." With 324 occurrences in the Bible, it is a significant term that appears frequently throughout the text. Its meaning is straightforward, simply referring to an adult female human being. The range of usage for this word is broad, encompassing various contexts such as family relationships (e.g., wife, mother), social roles (e.g., queen, servant), and individual characteristics (e.g., beauty, wisdom). The frequency of its appearance suggests that the concept of womanhood was an important aspect of ancient Hebrew culture and society. The significance of this word lies in its representation of the female experience and perspective within the biblical narrative. By examining the contexts in which אִשָּׁה is used, we can gain insight into the roles, values, and experiences of women in ancient Israel, which can provide a nuanced understanding of the biblical text and its cultural context.
Source data & methodology
Occurrences in Scripture
324 total occurrences across the text — showing 50
The children of Israel carried away captive of their brothers two hundred thousand women, sons, and daughters, and also took away much plunder from them, and brought the plunder to Samaria.
Ezra 10:1Now while Ezra prayed and made confession, weeping and casting himself down before God’s house, there was gathered together to him out of Israel a very great assembly of men and women and children; for the people wept very bitterly.
Ezra 10:2Shecaniah the son of Jehiel, one of the sons of Elam, answered Ezra, “We have trespassed against our God, and have married foreign women of the peoples of the land. Yet now there is hope for Israel concerning this thing.
Ezra 10:10Ezra the priest stood up and said to them, “You have trespassed, and have married foreign women, to increase the guilt of Israel.
Ezra 10:17They finished with all the men who had married foreign women by the first day of the first month.
Ezra 10:18Among the sons of the priests there were found who had married foreign women: of the sons of Jeshua, the son of Jozadak, and his brothers, Maaseiah, and Eliezer, and Jarib, and Gedaliah.
Ezra 10:44All these had taken foreign wives; and some of them had wives by whom they had children.
Ezra 10:44All these had taken foreign wives; and some of them had wives by whom they had children.
Nehemiah 8:2Ezra the priest brought the law before the assembly, both men and women, and all who could hear with understanding, on the first day of the seventh month.
Nehemiah 8:3He read from it before the wide place that was in front of the water gate from early morning until midday, in the presence of the men and the women, and of those who could understand. The ears of all the people were attentive to the book of the law.
Nehemiah 12:43They offered great sacrifices that day, and rejoiced; for God had made them rejoice with great joy; and the women and the children also rejoiced; so that the joy of Jerusalem was heard even far away.
Nehemiah 13:23In those days I also saw the Jews who had married women of Ashdod, of Ammon, and of Moab;
Nehemiah 13:26Didn’t Solomon king of Israel sin by these things? Yet among many nations there was no king like him, and he was loved by his God, and God made him king over all Israel. Nevertheless foreign women caused even him to sin.
Nehemiah 13:27Shall we then listen to you to do all this great evil, to trespass against our God in marrying foreign women?”
Esther 1:9Also Vashti the queen made a feast for the women in the royal house which belonged to King Ahasuerus.
Esther 1:17For this deed of the queen will become known to all women, causing them to show contempt for their husbands, when it is reported, ‘King Ahasuerus commanded Vashti the queen to be brought in before him, but she didn’t come.’
Esther 1:20When the king’s decree which he shall make is published throughout all his kingdom (for it is great), all the wives will give their husbands honor, both great and small.”
Esther 2:3Let the king appoint officers in all the provinces of his kingdom, that they may gather together all the beautiful young virgins to the citadel of Susa, to the women’s house, to the custody of Hegai the king’s eunuch, keeper of the women. Let cosmetics be given them;
Esther 2:8So, when the king’s commandment and his decree was heard, and when many maidens were gathered together to the citadel of Susa, to the custody of Hegai, Esther was taken into the king’s house, to the custody of Hegai, keeper of the women.
Esther 2:12Each young woman’s turn came to go in to King Ahasuerus after her purification for twelve months (for so were the days of their purification accomplished, six months with oil of myrrh, and six months with sweet fragrances and with preparations for beautifying women).
Esther 2:12Each young woman’s turn came to go in to King Ahasuerus after her purification for twelve months (for so were the days of their purification accomplished, six months with oil of myrrh, and six months with sweet fragrances and with preparations for beautifying women).
Esther 2:15Now when the turn of Esther, the daughter of Abihail the uncle of Mordecai, who had taken her for his daughter, came to go in to the king, she required nothing but what Hegai the king’s eunuch, the keeper of the women, advised. Esther obtained favor in the sight of all those who looked at her.
Esther 2:17The king loved Esther more than all the women, and she obtained favor and kindness in his sight more than all the virgins; so that he set the royal crown on her head, and made her queen instead of Vashti.
Esther 3:13Letters were sent by couriers into all the king’s provinces, to destroy, to kill, and to cause to perish, all Jews, both young and old, little children and women, in one day, even on the thirteenth day of the twelfth month, which is the month Adar, and to plunder their possessions.
Esther 4:11“All the king’s servants, and the people of the king’s provinces, know, that whoever, whether man or woman, comes to the king into the inner court without being called, there is one law for him, that he be put to death, except those to whom the king might hold out the golden scepter, that he may live. I have not been called to come in to the king these thirty days.”
Esther 8:11In those letters, the king granted the Jews who were in every city to gather themselves together, and to defend their life, to destroy, to kill, and to cause to perish, all the power of the people and province that would assault them, their little ones and women, and to plunder their possessions,
Job 14:1“Man, who is born of a woman, is of few days, and full of trouble.
Job 15:14What is man, that he should be clean? What is he who is born of a woman, that he should be righteous?
Job 25:4How then can man be just with God? Or how can he who is born of a woman be clean?
Job 31:9“If my heart has been enticed to a woman, and I have laid wait at my neighbor’s door,
Job 42:15In all the land were no women found so beautiful as the daughters of Job. Their father gave them an inheritance among their brothers.
Psalms 58:8Let them be like a snail which melts and passes away, like the stillborn child, who has not seen the sun.
Proverbs 2:16to deliver you from the strange woman, even from the foreigner who flatters with her words,
Proverbs 6:24to keep you from the immoral woman, from the flattery of the wayward wife’s tongue.
Proverbs 6:26For a prostitute reduces you to a piece of bread. The adulteress hunts for your precious life.
Proverbs 6:26For a prostitute reduces you to a piece of bread. The adulteress hunts for your precious life.
Proverbs 6:32He who commits adultery with a woman is void of understanding. He who does it destroys his own soul.
Proverbs 7:5that they may keep you from the strange woman, from the foreigner who flatters with her words.
Proverbs 7:10Behold, there a woman met him with the attire of a prostitute, and with crafty intent.
Proverbs 9:13The foolish woman is loud, undisciplined, and knows nothing.
Proverbs 11:16A gracious woman obtains honor, but violent men obtain riches.
Proverbs 11:22Like a gold ring in a pig’s snout, is a beautiful woman who lacks discretion.
Proverbs 14:1Every wise woman builds her house, but the foolish one tears it down with her own hands.
Proverbs 21:19It is better to dwell in a desert land, than with a contentious and fretful woman.
Proverbs 30:20“So is the way of an adulterous woman: She eats and wipes her mouth, and says, ‘I have done nothing wrong.’
Proverbs 31:3Don’t give your strength to women, nor your ways to that which destroys kings.
Proverbs 31:30Charm is deceitful, and beauty is vain; but a woman who fears Yahweh, she shall be praised.
Ecclesiastes 7:26I find more bitter than death the woman whose heart is snares and traps, whose hands are chains. Whoever pleases God shall escape from her; but the sinner will be ensnared by her.
Ecclesiastes 7:28which my soul still seeks, but I have not found. I have found one man among a thousand, but I have not found a woman among all those.
Song of Solomon 1:8If you don’t know, most beautiful among women, follow the tracks of the sheep. Graze your young goats beside the shepherds’ tents.