נֶ֫פֶשׁ
ne.phesh
soul
Lexicon Entry
Lexicon data from STEPBible TIPNR, Tyndale House, Cambridge. Licensed under CC BY 4.0.
What Original Readers Understood
Supported# Nefesh (נֶפֶשׁ): The Hebrew Word for Soul The Hebrew word *nefesh* appears 246 times in the biblical text, making it a frequently used term for a foundational concept in Israelite thought. Translated as "soul," *nefesh* represents a central biblical term for understanding human existence and identity. Its high frequency of occurrence across the Hebrew scriptures indicates that the concept it conveys—whatever its precise boundaries—was essential to how ancient Israelites understood themselves and their relationship to God and the world. The definition provided ("soul") is broad and offers limited specificity about the exact range of meanings the word carries throughout its 246 occurrences. Without access to the full contextual data from these instances, we can only confirm that *nefesh* refers to something fundamental about human nature or existence that ancient Hebrew speakers designated with this single term. The consistency of its translation as "soul" suggests a core meaning centered on the spiritual or essential aspect of a person, though the precise boundaries of what the term encompasses in different contexts remain beyond what the lexical data alone can definitively establish.
Source data & methodology
Occurrences in Scripture
246 total occurrences across the text — showing 50
The king stood in his place, and made a covenant before Yahweh, to walk after Yahweh, and to keep his commandments, and his testimonies, and his statutes, with all his heart, and with all his soul, to perform the words of the covenant that were written in this book.
Job 3:20“Why is light given to him who is in misery, life to the bitter in soul,
Job 7:11“Therefore I will not keep silent. I will speak in the anguish of my spirit. I will complain in the bitterness of my soul.
Job 9:21I am blameless. I don’t respect myself. I despise my life.
Job 10:1“My soul is weary of my life. I will give free course to my complaint. I will speak in the bitterness of my soul.
Job 10:1“My soul is weary of my life. I will give free course to my complaint. I will speak in the bitterness of my soul.
Job 21:25Another dies in bitterness of soul, and never tastes of good.
Job 24:12From out of the populous city, men groan. The soul of the wounded cries out, yet God doesn’t regard the folly.
Job 27:2“As God lives, who has taken away my right, the Almighty, who has made my soul bitter
Job 30:16“Now my soul is poured out within me. Days of affliction have taken hold of me.
Job 30:25Didn’t I weep for him who was in trouble? Wasn’t my soul grieved for the needy?
Job 33:18He keeps back his soul from the pit, and his life from perishing by the sword.
Job 33:22Yes, his soul draws near to the pit, and his life to the destroyers.
Job 33:28He has redeemed my soul from going into the pit. My life will see the light.’
Job 33:30to bring back his soul from the pit, that he may be enlightened with the light of the living.
Job 36:14They die in youth. Their life perishes among the unclean.
Psalms 3:2Many there are who say of my soul, “There is no help for him in God.”
Psalms 6:3My soul is also in great anguish. But you, Yahweh—how long?
Psalms 6:4Return, Yahweh. Deliver my soul, and save me for your loving kindness’ sake.
Psalms 7:2lest they tear apart my soul like a lion, ripping it in pieces, while there is no one to deliver.
Psalms 7:5let the enemy pursue my soul, and overtake it; yes, let him tread my life down to the earth, and lay my glory in the dust.
Psalms 10:3For the wicked boasts of his heart’s cravings. He blesses the greedy and condemns Yahweh.
Psalms 11:1In Yahweh, I take refuge. How can you say to my soul, “Flee as a bird to your mountain”?
Psalms 11:5Yahweh examines the righteous, but his soul hates the wicked and him who loves violence.
Psalms 13:2How long shall I take counsel in my soul, having sorrow in my heart every day? How long shall my enemy triumph over me?
Psalms 16:10For you will not leave my soul in Sheol, neither will you allow your holy one to see corruption.
Psalms 17:13Arise, Yahweh, confront him. Cast him down. Deliver my soul from the wicked by your sword;
Psalms 19:7Yahweh’s law is perfect, restoring the soul. Yahweh’s covenant is sure, making wise the simple.
Psalms 22:20Deliver my soul from the sword, my precious life from the power of the dog.
Psalms 23:3He restores my soul. He guides me in the paths of righteousness for his name’s sake.
Psalms 24:4He who has clean hands and a pure heart; who has not lifted up his soul to falsehood, and has not sworn deceitfully.
Psalms 25:1To you, Yahweh, I lift up my soul.
Psalms 25:13His soul will dwell at ease. His offspring will inherit the land.
Psalms 25:20Oh keep my soul, and deliver me. Let me not be disappointed, for I take refuge in you.
Psalms 26:9Don’t gather my soul with sinners, nor my life with bloodthirsty men;
Psalms 30:3Yahweh, you have brought up my soul from Sheol. You have kept me alive, that I should not go down to the pit.
Psalms 31:7I will be glad and rejoice in your loving kindness, for you have seen my affliction. You have known my soul in adversities.
Psalms 31:9Have mercy on me, Yahweh, for I am in distress. My eye, my soul, and my body waste away with grief.
Psalms 33:19to deliver their soul from death, to keep them alive in famine.
Psalms 33:20Our soul has waited for Yahweh. He is our help and our shield.
Psalms 34:2My soul shall boast in Yahweh. The humble shall hear of it and be glad.
Psalms 35:3Brandish the spear and block those who pursue me. Tell my soul, “I am your salvation.”
Psalms 35:9My soul shall be joyful in Yahweh. It shall rejoice in his salvation.
Psalms 35:12They reward me evil for good, to the bereaving of my soul.
Psalms 35:25Don’t let them say in their heart, “Aha! That’s the way we want it!” Don’t let them say, “We have swallowed him up!”
Psalms 42:1As the deer pants for the water brooks, so my soul pants after you, God.
Psalms 42:2My soul thirsts for God, for the living God. When shall I come and appear before God?
Psalms 42:4These things I remember, and pour out my soul within me, how I used to go with the crowd, and led them to God’s house, with the voice of joy and praise, a multitude keeping a holy day.
Psalms 42:5Why are you in despair, my soul? Why are you disturbed within me? Hope in God! For I shall still praise him for the saving help of his presence.
Psalms 42:6My God, my soul is in despair within me. Therefore I remember you from the land of the Jordan, the heights of Hermon, from the hill Mizar.