עֵד
ed
witness
Lexicon Entry
Lexicon data from STEPBible TIPNR, Tyndale House, Cambridge. Licensed under CC BY 4.0.
What Original Readers Understood
ExploredThe Hebrew word "ed" (H5707) carries the meaning of a witness. This concept is central to the semantic domain of Law & Justice, indicating its importance in the biblical narrative. As a witness, "ed" can refer to an individual who testifies to a fact or event, providing evidence or testimony. The word "ed" appears 70 times in the Bible, showcasing its significance in various contexts. It is used to describe individuals who bear witness to a truth, such as a prophet or a court witness. In some cases, "ed" can also refer to the act of witnessing itself, highlighting the importance of observation and testimony in the biblical worldview. The frequency and range of usage for "ed" suggest that the concept of witnessing is a fundamental aspect of the biblical narrative, underscoring the importance of truth, evidence, and accountability.
Source data & methodology
Occurrences in Scripture
70 total occurrences across the text — showing 50
You renew your witnesses against me, and increase your indignation on me. Changes and warfare are with me.
Job 16:8You have shriveled me up. This is a witness against me. My leanness rises up against me. It testifies to my face.
Job 16:19Even now, behold, my witness is in heaven. He who vouches for me is on high.
Psalms 27:12Don’t deliver me over to the desire of my adversaries, for false witnesses have risen up against me, such as breathe out cruelty.
Psalms 35:11Unrighteous witnesses rise up. They ask me about things that I don’t know about.
Psalms 89:37It will be established forever like the moon, the faithful witness in the sky.”
Proverbs 14:25A truthful witness saves souls, but a false witness is deceitful.
Proverbs 6:19a false witness who utters lies, and he who sows discord among brothers.
Proverbs 12:17He who is truthful testifies honestly, but a false witness lies.
Proverbs 14:5A truthful witness will not lie, but a false witness pours out lies.
Proverbs 14:5A truthful witness will not lie, but a false witness pours out lies.
Proverbs 19:5A false witness shall not be unpunished. He who pours out lies shall not go free.
Proverbs 19:9A false witness shall not be unpunished. He who utters lies shall perish.
Proverbs 19:28A corrupt witness mocks justice, and the mouth of the wicked gulps down iniquity.
Proverbs 21:28A false witness will perish. A man who listens speaks to eternity.
Proverbs 24:28Don’t be a witness against your neighbor without cause. Don’t deceive with your lips.
Proverbs 25:18A man who gives false testimony against his neighbor is like a club, a sword, or a sharp arrow.
Isaiah 8:2and I will take for myself faithful witnesses to testify: Uriah the priest, and Zechariah the son of Jeberechiah.”
Isaiah 19:20It will be for a sign and for a witness to Yahweh of Armies in the land of Egypt; for they will cry to Yahweh because of oppressors, and he will send them a savior and a defender, and he will deliver them.
Isaiah 43:9Let all the nations be gathered together, and let the peoples be assembled. Who among them can declare this, and show us former things? Let them bring their witnesses, that they may be justified, or let them hear, and say, “That is true.”
Isaiah 43:10“You are my witnesses,” says Yahweh, “With my servant whom I have chosen; that you may know and believe me, and understand that I am he. Before me there was no God formed, neither will there be after me.
Isaiah 43:12I have declared, I have saved, and I have shown, and there was no strange god among you. Therefore you are my witnesses”, says Yahweh, “and I am God.
Isaiah 44:8Don’t fear, neither be afraid. Haven’t I declared it to you long ago, and shown it? You are my witnesses. Is there a God besides me? Indeed, there is not. I don’t know any other Rock.”
Isaiah 44:9Everyone who makes a carved image is vain. The things that they delight in will not profit. Their own witnesses don’t see, nor know, that they may be disappointed.
Isaiah 55:4Behold, I have given him for a witness to the peoples, a leader and commander to the peoples.
Jeremiah 29:23because they have done foolish things in Israel, and have committed adultery with their neighbors’ wives, and have spoken words in my name falsely, which I didn’t command them. I am he who knows, and am witness,” says Yahweh.
Jeremiah 32:10I signed the deed, sealed it, called witnesses, and weighed the money in the balances to him.
Jeremiah 32:12and I delivered the deed of the purchase to Baruch the son of Neriah, the son of Mahseiah, in the presence of Hanamel my uncle’s son, and in the presence of the witnesses who signed the deed of the purchase, before all the Jews who sat in the court of the guard.
Jeremiah 32:25You have said to me, Lord Yahweh, ‘Buy the field for money, and call witnesses;’ whereas the city is given into the hand of the Chaldeans.”
Jeremiah 32:44Men will buy fields for money, sign the deeds, seal them, and call witnesses, in the land of Benjamin, and in the places around Jerusalem, in the cities of Judah, in the cities of the hill country, in the cities of the lowland, and in the cities of the South; for I will cause their captivity to be reversed,” says Yahweh.
Micah 1:2Hear, you peoples, all of you. Listen, O earth, and all that is therein: and let the Lord Yahweh be witness against you, the Lord from his holy temple.
Zephaniah 3:8“Therefore wait for me”, says Yahweh, “until the day that I rise up to the prey, for my determination is to gather the nations, that I may assemble the kingdoms, to pour on them my indignation, even all my fierce anger, for all the earth will be devoured with the fire of my jealousy.
Malachi 3:5I will come near to you to judgment; and I will be a swift witness against the sorcerers, and against the adulterers, and against the perjurers, and against those who oppress the hireling in his wages, the widow, and the fatherless, and who deprive the foreigner of justice, and don’t fear me,” says Yahweh of Armies.
Jeremiah 42:5Then they said to Jeremiah, “May Yahweh be a true and faithful witness among us, if we don’t do according to all the word with which Yahweh your God sends you to tell us.
Genesis 31:44Now come, let’s make a covenant, you and I. Let it be for a witness between me and you.”
Genesis 31:48Laban said, “This heap is witness between me and you today.” Therefore it was named Galeed
Genesis 31:50If you afflict my daughters, or if you take wives in addition to my daughters, no man is with us; behold, God is witness between me and you.”
Genesis 31:52May this heap be a witness, and the pillar be a witness, that I will not pass over this heap to you, and that you will not pass over this heap and this pillar to me, for harm.
Exodus 20:16“You shall not give false testimony against your neighbor.
Exodus 22:13If it is torn in pieces, let him bring it for evidence. He shall not make good that which was torn.
Exodus 23:1“You shall not spread a false report. Don’t join your hand with the wicked to be a malicious witness.
Leviticus 5:1“ ‘If anyone sins, in that he hears a public adjuration to testify, he being a witness, whether he has seen or known, if he doesn’t report it, then he shall bear his iniquity.
Numbers 5:13and a man lies with her carnally, and it is hidden from the eyes of her husband and this is kept concealed, and she is defiled, there is no witness against her, and she isn’t taken in the act;
Numbers 35:30“ ‘Whoever kills any person, the murderer shall be slain based on the testimony of witnesses; but one witness shall not testify alone against any person so that he dies.
Numbers 35:30“ ‘Whoever kills any person, the murderer shall be slain based on the testimony of witnesses; but one witness shall not testify alone against any person so that he dies.
Deuteronomy 5:20“You shall not give false testimony against your neighbor.
Deuteronomy 17:6At the mouth of two witnesses, or three witnesses, he who is to die shall be put to death. At the mouth of one witness he shall not be put to death.
Deuteronomy 17:6At the mouth of two witnesses, or three witnesses, he who is to die shall be put to death. At the mouth of one witness he shall not be put to death.
Deuteronomy 17:6At the mouth of two witnesses, or three witnesses, he who is to die shall be put to death. At the mouth of one witness he shall not be put to death.
Deuteronomy 17:7The hands of the witnesses shall be first on him to put him to death, and afterward the hands of all the people. So you shall remove the evil from among you.